One of the hardest questions eye care professionals deal with every day is when to tell people who are having difficulty with their vision to stop driving.
Giving up your driving privilege is one of the most difficult realities to come to terms with if you have a problem that leads to permanent visual decline.
The legal requirements vary from state to state. For example, in New Jersey the legal requirement to drive, based on vision, is 20/50 vision or better with best correction in one eye for a “pleasure” driving license. For a commercial driving license, the requirement is 20/40 vision or better in both eyes.
In some states there is also a requirement for a certain degree of visual field (the ability to see off to the sides).
According to the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, the highest rate of motor vehicle deaths per mile driven is in the age group of 75 and older (yes, even higher than teenagers). Much of this increased rate could be attributable to declining vision. There are also other contributing factors such as slower reaction times and increased fragility but the fact remains that the rate is higher, so when vision problems begin to occur with aging it is extremely important to do what is necessary to try to keep your vision as good as possible.
That means regular eye exams, keeping your glasses prescription up to date, dealing with cataracts when appropriate and staying on top of other vision-threatening conditions such as macular degeneration, glaucoma and diabetes.
It is our responsibility to inform you when you are no longer passing the legal requirement to drive. Although there is no mandatory reporting law in all states, it is recorded in your medical record that you were informed that your vision did not pass the state requirements to maintain your privilege. And, yes, it is a privilege - not a right - to drive.
If you have a significant visual problem and your vision is beginning to decline, you need to have a frank discussion with your eye doctor about your driving capability. If you are beginning to get close to failing the requirement you need to start preparing with family and love ones about how you are going to deal with not being able to drive, preferably before it becomes absolutely necessary.
We have had the very unfortunate occurrence of having instructed a patient that he should stop driving because his vision no longer met the requirements only to have him ignore that advice and get in an accident. Don’t be that guy. Be prepared, have a plan.
Article contributed by Dr. Brian Wnorowski, M.D.
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